Utilities
The Council Recommendation of 20 December 2012 on the validation of non-formal and informal learning:
· Requires EU Member States to set up validation arrangements by 2018
· Requires EU Member States to link the validation to existing EU and national qualification standards
· Describes the elements of validation as identification, documentation, assessment and certification
· Suggests the adoption of a transparent methodology and objective measurement tools to ensure a reliable, valid and credible validation
· Promotes professional training for validation practitioners
· Set up the European Inventory on Validation of Non-Formal and Informal Learning
Indicators of protective factors are found in the following domains:
· Secure attachments and relationships
· Personal resources
· Social competences
· Social network and peer support
· Competent and responsible supervision and tutoring
· Leisure